Pipe penetration
A split collar or failed metal base needs a compatible replacement detail integrated beneath the surrounding covering.

Water reaching a room tells you there is a problem. Finding its path through the roof tells us what to repair.
Rain can enter higher on a slope, run along sheathing or framing and drip into a room some distance away. The ceiling stain is the end of that path, so sealing a spot directly above it can leave the real opening untouched.
We examine the relevant shingles, vent boots, flashing and transitions to find a repair that restores water shedding. A stain beside a wall does not establish a wall-flashing diagnosis by itself.

Different openings need different repairs.
A split collar or failed metal base needs a compatible replacement detail integrated beneath the surrounding covering.
Step and counterflashing must direct water out over the roof. Missing laps or water getting behind siding can widen the repair beyond sealant.
Broken shingles, displaced caps or a puncture require an opening in sound surrounding material, with affected underlayment and deck assessed.
Take the indoor problem seriously while the roof repair is being arranged.
Keep away from sagging ceiling material and electrical fixtures affected by water.
Stay off a wet or damaged roof. Leave the roof opening to the inspection and repair.
Tell us that water is entering when you request help. Temporary protection and the finished repair are separate steps.
The water path, access and hidden layers set the scope.
Wind direction and the amount of water can expose an opening that sheds a lighter shower. The inspection looks at that path; the timing alone does not diagnose a particular part.
The roof entry path needs to be addressed and wet material assessed before the interior finish can be treated as resolved. Otherwise a new finish can hide a continuing leak.

Tell us the room affected and roughly when you first noticed water. You do not need to diagnose the roof.